Analysis of the Enteric Nervous System Using Colonic Biopsies

The aim of this project is to develop an original biomarker for Parkinson's disease (PD) and other parkinsonian syndromes (multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy) based upon the detection of pathological alpha-synuclein species in routine colonoscopic biopsies.

Inclusion Criteria: Patients * Patients aged 50-80 year old, both genders * Parkinson's disease patients * Multiple system atrophy patients * Progressive supranuclear palsy patients * Controls: patient at risk of colic cancer for whom a colonoscopy is required * Patients who signed the informed consent Controls * Patients aged 50 to 80 year-old for whom a rectosigmoidoscopy or a colonoscopy is required for colorectal screening * Patients who signed the informed consent * Health care beneficiary Exclusion Criteria: Patients * Colonic disorder (except non-complicated diverticular disease) * Other neurological disorder than parkinsonism * Patients treated with either platelet antiaggregants, anticoagulants or with a known coagulation disorder * Patients with a cognitive impairment that preclude them from understanding the informed consent * Patients placed under legal guardianship Controls * Neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease or other dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis... * Functional bowel disorder such as irritable bowel syndrome * Patients with a cognitive impairment that preclude them from understanding the informed consent