Cancer Driving Mutations in Endometriosis Lesions and Development of Progesterone Resistance

This study will test the hypothesis that the molecular changes present in ectopic endometriosis lesions correlate with progesterone-resistant disease (using the criteria defined in this study) and are present in matched eutopic endometrium.

Inclusion Criteria: * Signed informed consent. * Gender: female. * Age: 18-45 years at the time of signing consent. * Clinical or surgical diagnosis of endometriosis undergoing laparoscopy. * Controls may not have clinical or surgical diagnosis of endometriosis. * Regular menstrual cycles. * BMI between 18-40 kg/m2. * Sexually active or have had a previous vaginal exam that used a speculum. * English speaking Exclusion Criteria: * Use of any kind of steroidal therapy including oral contraceptives, Norplant, estrogen replacement/supplemental therapy, androgens (Danazol, Cyclomen, Danocrine, testosterone) or progesterone. She may not be taking or be on Celebrex. * Pregnant. * Presence of pelvic infection. * Mullerian anomalies with absence of a cervix. * History of cancer of the reproductive tract. * Presence of undiagnosed uterine bleeding. * Treatment with intrauterine device (IUD) or progestin-containing intrauterine device.