Plasma Levels of Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns in Young Children After Cardiac Surgery Under Cardiopulmonary Bypass

The investigators have previously reported that cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in young infants induced a drastic reduction in mHLA-DR (Human Leucocyte Antigen) expression, which represents one of innate immune mediator. Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) can elicit immune response and may subsequently induce an immune-suppressed state. We hypothesize that analyzing the proteomic and the whole blood transcriptomic response after cardiac surgery would provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of CPB-related inflammatory response.

Inclusion Criteria: * Patient admitted to pediatric intensive care at Nantes University Hospital after cardiac surgery * Age ≤ 3 months corrected age. * Control group: patients less than 3 months old following cardiac surgery without CPB or digestive surgery with a central venous catheter. Exclusion Criteria: * Futility of care with cessation of blood tests as part of a limitation of active therapies; * Absence of parents for information * Refusal of parents after information (Lack of parental consent) * Blood volume collected for medical purposes incompatible with the needs of the research.