Simultaneous Multinuclear Metabolic MRI in Newly Diagnosed or Recurrent Glioma

This clinical trial constructs and tests a novel multinuclear metabolic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence in patients with glioma (brain tumor) that is newly diagnosed or has come back (recurrent). This trial aims to develop new diagnostic imaging technology that may bridge gaps between early detection and diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment in brain cancer.

Inclusion Criteria: * AIM 1: Healthy volunteers with no evidence of brain tumors or neurologic disease * AIM 1: Age 18+ * AIM 2: Newly diagnosed or recurrent suspected or confirmed glioma (low or high grade) * AIM 2: 10 IDH mutant and 10 IDH wild type gliomas * AIM 2: Clinically indicated for resective surgery or biopsy * AIM 2: Age 18+ * AIM 2: Tumor size \> 1x1x1 cm (measurable) * AIM 3: Recurrent glioma enrolled in an immunotherapy trial or clinically indicated to receive immunotherapy including anti-PD1 * AIM 3: Age 18+ Exclusion Criteria: * AIM 1: Cannot safely perform an MRI * AIM 1: Age \< 18 * AIM 2: Cannot safely perform an MRI or use of MRI contrast agents * AIM 2: Age \< 18 * AIM 3: Cannot safely perform an MRI or use of MRI contrast agents * AIM 3: Age \< 18