Molecular Analysis of Endoscopic Cytology Samples Supernatant in Pulmonary Nodules

Lung cancer screening is based on low dose CT scan (LDCT), a highly sensitive but poorly specific tool. Complementary specific approaches are thus strongly needed, among which cell-free DNA (cfDNA) genotyping has been proven highly specific but of low sensitivity (25 to 50% for stage I diseases) due to inconstant tumor shed. Tumor biopsy is thus often required and radial endobronchial ultrasound (rEBUS) bronchoscopy is a minimally invasive approach (\

Inclusion Criteria: * rEBUS bronchoscopy planned for one, two or three ≤ 20 mm nodule * World Health Organization (WHO) Performance status 0-3 * Informed signed consent * Patient affiliated or beneficiary of a social security scheme (Social Security or Universal Medical Coverage). Exclusion Criteria: * Lung cancer diagnosed before the date of the procedure * Lung cancer strongly suspected due to mediastinal or extra thoracic lesions * Patient under State Medical Assistance * Patient deprived of liberty on administrative or judicial decision, or patient under guardianship, curators or safeguard of justice