JARVISDHL Screening Tools

The main purpose of this study is to pioneer an easy risk stratification tools, which is developed using novel artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, that will be able to detect common and fatal heart diseases easily simply through a picture of the back of the eye, the retina. The retinal images will be analysed using a computer application with the risk stratification tool to predict health outcome of individual. The study also aims to correlate between clinical characteristics, lifestyle (eg. exercise, sleep, erectile dysfunction) and diet to retinal and coronary vasculature and clinical outcomes.

Inclusion Criteria for NHCS:21 years of age or olderSufficient language skills in English or ChineseProvided informed consentCompleted CTCA or CT CAC in the past 6 months.Inclusion Criteria for SERI:21 years of age or olderSufficient language skills in English or ChineseProvided informed consentPatient diagnosed with Diabetes for more than or equal to 10 years.Exclusion Criteria for NHCS:Patients whose informed consent was not obtained.Age <21 years oldPatients with cardiac event (acute myocardial infarction, Stroke, heart failure, angina requiring hospitalization) and/or coronary revascularization (percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and/or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) prior to CTCAExclusion Criteria in SERI:-Patient whose informed consent was not obtained.Age <21 years oldPatients with cardiac event (acute myocardial infarction, Stroke, heart failure, angina requiring hospitalization) and/or coronary revascularization (percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and/or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) prior to CTCA