Lipiodol-TACE With Idarubicin Based On a Specific Emulsion Ratio for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The purpose of this observational study is to evaluate properties of lipiodol-idarubicin emulsion mixed with the best regimen obtained in vitro study, including stability, viscosity，visibility under X-ray and deposition, in order to maximize the efficacy of idarubicin-cTACE for HCC.

Inclusion Criteria:Confirmed diagnosis of HCC according to histopathology or CNLC guidelines (2022 Edition);One of the following cases:1）CNLC stage IIb-IIIa, part of stage IIIb, and CNLC stage Ib and IIa patient who is unable or unwilling to receive surgical treatment due to other reasons (such as advanced age, severe liver cirrhosis, etc.); 2).Child-Pugh class A or B; 3).ECOG PS of 0 - 2; 4)The main portal vein has not been completely obstructed, with abundant collateral vessels, or restore the blood flow by portal vein stent placement 3.At least one measurable lesion (enable to assess lipiodol deposition); 4.Be willing to participate in this study.Exclusion Criteria:Non-HCC patients treated with TACEIncomplete clinical and imaging dataPoor image quality or other difficulties in assessing intratumoral lipiodol deposition, including:1) A large amount of lipiodol was deposited around the lesion 2) Diffuse tumor distribution 3) Intratumoral lipiodol deposition from previous TACE 4) Metal artifacts from previous operations