A Multicentre Study on Features of the Gut Microbiota of Patients With Critical Chronic Diseases in China

The human gut microbiome has been associated with many health factors but variability between studies limits the exploration of effects between them. This study aims to systematically characterize the gut microbiota of various critical chronic diseases, compare the similarities and differences of the microbiome signatures linked to different regions and diseases, and further investigate their impacts on microbiota-based diagnostic models.

Inclusion Criteria:aged 18-75 years;living in the province where the hospital is located in the last three years;with a medical diagnosis of one of the target diseases;willing to provide written informed consent.Exclusion Criteria:female in pregnancy or lactation(unless the subject is pregnant women);with medical diagnoses of other serious illnesses;with a history of bariatric surgery or intestinal resection, except for appendectomy；individual who was treated with drugs in the preceding 1 month, including antibiotics, metformin, statins, acid inhibitor, probiotics, and probiotics; individuals having consumed yogurt more than 3 times in the preceding 1 month; heavy drinkers who have consumed more than 4 taels of liquor or 1000ml of beer; frequent alcohol consumers who have drunk per week in the last month.