Bioavailability of Vitamin D Photoisomers From UVB-exposed Button Mushrooms

The European Food Safety Authority has approved many applications for UVB light treated foods (e.g. UVB-exposed button mushrooms) in the last years. The UVB light treatment is used to increase the vitamin D content in foods and improve the vitamin D status of subjects. However, UVB irradiation is accompanied by the formation of vitamin D photoisomers such as lumisterol and tachysterol. The current study aims to investigated whether these vitamin D photoisomers can enter the circulation and are metabolised in humans that consume UVB-treated mushrooms.

Inclusion Criteria:Healthy subjectsAge between 18 and 65 yearsBody Mass Index in the range of 18.5 to 29.9 kg/m2Exclusion Criteria:Acute or chronic illnesses (high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, kidney disease, liver disease, alcohol dependence, etc.)Taking medication (except oral contraceptives)Pregnancy or breastfeedingFood intolerances or allergies to mushrooms and dairy productsSmokersVisits to solariums or previous holidays in southern countries or in the Alps or other high mountainsParticipation in another studyBlood donation during the last 2 months before the start of the studyDietingSevere weight loss or weight loss (≥ 3 kg) within the last month