Assessment of Early Detection and Prognosis Based on cfDNA Methylation in Multiple Myeloma

It is an observational, case-control study aimed at early-detection of multiple myeloma and constructing a prognostic model of multiple myeloma. The study will enroll approximately 398 participants including patients with multiple myeloma, patients with benign hematologic disorders and healthy participants.

Inclusion Criteria for Cancer Participants:Age 40-75 yearsAbility to provide a written informed consentPathologically confirmed diagnosis of multiple myeloma or highly suspicious cases of multiple myelomaNo prior or ongoing anti-cancer treatment (local or systematic) prior to study blood drawInclusion Criteria for Benign Disease Participants:Age 40-75 yearsAbility to provide a written informed consentPathologically confirmed diagnosis of benign hematologic disorders or highly suspicious cases with benign hematologic disordersNo prior or ongoing radical treatment of the benign hematologic disorders prior to study blood drawInclusion Criteria for Healthy ParticipantsAge 40-75 yearsAbility to provide a written informed consentNo cancer-related symptoms or other uncomfortable symptoms prior to study blood drawExclusion Criteria for All Participants:Insufficient qualified blood samplesRecipient of organ transplant or prior non-autologous (allogeneic) bone marrow or stem cell transplantRecipient of blood transfusion within 7 days prior to blood drawRecipient of anti-tumor drugs to treat non-cancer diseases within 30 days prior to blood draw, such as rheumatic drugs (methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, or azathioprine), or endocrine drugs (tamoxifen)Additional Exclusion Criteria for Cancer Participants:• Other current malignant diseases or multiple primary tumorsAdditional Exclusion Criteria for Benign Disease Participants:• Current or history of malignanciesAdditional Exclusion Criteria for Healthy Participants:Recipient of anti-infectious therapy within 14 days prior to study blood drawPrior or ongoing treatment of cancer within 3 years prior to study blood drawCurrent autoimmune disease or clinically significant or uncontrolled comorbidities