Diagnostic Potential of the Salivary Biomarkers to Differentiate Statuses of Periodontitis

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by both dysbiosis of oral microbiota and proinflammatory events involving both cells and mediators from innate and adaptive immunity. These events lead to chronic inflammation of periodontal soft and hard tissues sharing many features with other chronic inflammatory diseases. These events lead to chronic inflammation of periodontal soft and hard tissues sharing many features with other chronic inflammatory diseases. Chronic inflammation is driven by various mediators, of which a significant part is attributed to the interactions within cytokine networks. While proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL) -1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17, contribute to acute and chronic inflammation and tissue injury, a second group with antagonist effects is formed by cytokines such as IL-10

Inclusion Criteria:Male and female systemically healthy patients.Body mass index ≤ 30.Have a minimum of 20 teeth with facial and lingual scorable surfaces.Clinical criteria for periodontal health and periodontitis will be as follows :1. Healthy periodontium (Group A): BOP <10%, PPD ≤ 3mm, intact periodontium (no probing attachment loss).2. Periodontitis groups are defined as : i. Interdental CAL is detectable at ≥2 non-adjacent teeth, or ii. Buccal or oral CAL ≥3 mm with pocketing >3mm is detectable at ≥2teethExclusion Criteria:Patients who refused to participate in the study.Individuals with dental implants.Previous history of extensive periodontal therapy preceding 6 months or currently under active periodontal treatment.Patients receiving antibiotic treatment or immunosuppressant medication within the last 3 monthsPregnant or lactating mothers.Any symptoms of recent acute illness, e.g., COVID-19.Tobacco use.Active orthodontic therapy-