Network Control TMS fMRI

This study uses different types of functional magnetic resonance imagining (fMRI) to generate individual transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) targets. During the TMS/fMRI imagining sessions, the investigators stimulate a target of either high or low regional controllability during a working memory task to investigate network responses and the impact of TMS on behavior.

Inclusion Criteria:18-28 years oldRight-handedNo history of schizophrenia or bipolar disorderNo history of neurological illnessHealthy participants: no history of any mental illnessADD/ADHD Participants; Diagnosed with ADD/ADHDADD/ADHD: Ability to refrain from stimulant medication within 24 hours of study sessionsFor participants reporting daily use of more than 400mg caffeine/ day: willing to lower down to this level at least 1 week prior to screening visit and maintain throughout study visitsExclusion Criteria:Unable to have an MRI scanUnable to receive or tolerate TMSPregnant, nursing, or trying to become pregnant (self-attestation alone)History of stoke, epilepsy, or brain scarringHealthy participants: psychoactive medication useHealthy participants: first degree relative with psychosisADHD participants: inability to refrain from stimulant medication within 23 hours of study sessionsActive suicidality or current suicidal risk as determined by the investigatorAny medication that interferes with fMRI recordings as per PI discretionOtherwise determined by investigator to be unfit for study