Impact of BacT/Alert® VIRTUO®, BioFire® Blood Culture Identification 2-BCID2 and REVEAL® (bioMérieux) on the Optimization of Antibiotic Therapy for Gram-negative Bacteremia in the ICU

Bacteremia is a frequent infection in intensive care units. It is associated with a high mortality rate and the rapid implementation of appropriate antibiotic therapy is strongly correlated to patient clinical outcomes. Innovative technologies have emerged to shorten the turnaround time of blood culture samples by obtaining susceptibility testing of the incriminated pathogen at an early stage, and therefore to rapidly adjust the antibiotic therapy of patients with Gram-negative Bacilli bacteremia. The study investigators hypothesize that the implementation of the innovative BacT/Alert® VIRTUO®, BioFire® BCID2 and REVEAL® solutions for the analysis of blood culture samples will increase the proportion of patients with Gram-negative Bacilli bacteremia who receive appropriate and optimized antibiotic therapy 24 hours after blood culture collection.

Inclusion Criteria: * The patient must be a member or beneficiary of a health insurance plan * Patient admitted to the ICU with at least one positive blood culture for Gram-negative bacteremia For the 'after' section of the study only: * Patient must have given their free and informed consent or included by emergency procedure * Patient signed the consent form or included by emergency procedure Exclusion Criteria: * The subject is participating in this study, or is in a period of exclusion determined by a previous study * Consent refusal * Patient with a polymicrobial blood culture * Patient with a second episode of bacteremia * Moribund patient