The Effect of Scaling and Root Planing on Oral Inflammatory Biomarkers Among E-cig Users and Non-smokers

Background/Aim: There are no studies that have compared the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of IL-1β in non-smokers (NS) and electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS)-users before and after scaling and root planing (SRP) in patients with gingivitis. The aim of the present study is to compare the effect of scaling and root planing on the expression of IL-1β in the GCF among ENDS-users and NS clinically.Methods: Self-reported current ENDS users and NS would be included. A questionnaire would be used to collect demographic data. All patients would undergo SRP. Clinical measures, periodontal parameters [probing depth (PD), plaque index (PI), and bleeding on probing (BOP)], and GCF IL-1β would be measured at baseline. At 1-week (T1) and 3 weeks (T2) of follow-up, periodontal parameters and GCF IL-1β levels would be re-assessed.

Inclusion Criteria:The inclusion criteria: ENDS-users, cigarette smokers, non-smokers, age (18-60), gender (men), periodontal health status (gingivitis/periodontitis), having minimum number of 20 teeth, and medically healthy.Exclusion Criteria:The exclusion criteria: Patients who did scaling and root planing in the past 3 months.