AntiThrombotic Therapy to Ameliorate Clinical Complications in Community Acquired Pneumonia

This is an international, open-label, stratified randomized controlled trial with Bayesian adaptive stopping rules to compare the effects of therapeutic-dose heparin vs. usual care pharmacological thromboprophylaxis on outcomes in patients admitted to hospital with community acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patients ≥18 years of age 2. Admitted to hospital for a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of CAP defined by: 1. Radiographic evidence of new or worsening infiltrate 2. One or more of the following signs and/or symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection i. New or increased cough or sputum production ii. Fever of \> 37.8C or temperature \< 36C iii. WBC \> 11 x 109/L or \< 4 x 109/L c. The primary diagnosis is believed to be CAP as per the attending physician 3. Requires supplemental oxygen to treat hypoxemia (or requires an increased level of supplemental oxygen if on chronic oxygen therapy) 4. Hospital admission anticipated to last ≥72 hours from randomization Exclusion Criteria: 1. Suspected or confirmed active COVID-19 infection 2. Hospital admission for \>72 hours prior to randomization 3. Patients receiving non-invasive or invasive ventilation, vasopressors, or extracorporeal life support (ECLS) within an ICU at the time of enrollment 4. Requirement for chronic mechanical ventilation via tracheostomy prior to hospitalization 5. Patients for whom the intent is to not use pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis 6. Patients with an independent indication for therapeutic-dose anticoagulation 7. Patients with a contraindication to therapeutic-dose anticoagulation, including: 1. Non-traumatic bleeding that requires medical evaluation or hospitalization within 30 days prior to CAP hospital admission 2. History of an inherited or acquired bleeding disorder 3. Cerebral aneurysm or mass lesions of the central nervous system 4. Ischemic stroke within 3 months of hospital admission 5. Gastrointestinal bleeding within 3 months of hospital admission 6. Platelet count \2.0 OR hemoglobin \