Exploring the Cortical Hemodynamic Variability of Prefrontal iTBS: a Concurrent TBS/fNIRS Study

An increasing number of studies have used the intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) protocol to investigate neural plasticity non-invasively in the prefontal cortex in healthy humans and in patients with psychiatric disorders. However, the variability in the neurophysiological response to iTBS stimulation is high. The cause of this variability is multifactorial and to some degree still unknown. Therefore, the current study explores inter- and intra-individual factors that are potentially moderating iTBS-induced excitability changes. A greater understanding of these determinants would be highly valuable for optimizing the therapeutic application of iTBS.

Inclusion Criteria: * healthiness based on history and psychiatric assessment * being able to hear and understand the verbal instructions * completed at least 6 years of formal education Exclusion Criteria: * a current or past diagnosis of psychiatric, neurological disorders, or severe internal illness * any conditions that will contraindicate to iTBS or fNIRS * psychiatric disorders in their first-degree relatives * pregnancy