Trial-based Economic Evaluation of a Mobile Health Intervention for Individuals With Chronic Non-specific Low Back Pain

The aim of this trial is to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a supervised and more personalised mhealth intervention compared with conventional exercise therapy in people with chronic non-specific low back pain.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged between 18 and 65 years; * Self-reported low back pain for more than 12 consecutive weeks prior to the study, with pain intensity ≥4 in the numerical rating scale (NRS); * Not having participated in physiotherapy sessions for treatment of low back pain for at least 6 months prior to the start of the study; * Having a smartphone with internet access; * Self-management activation classified as Level 2 or higher (i.e., classifications of low, medium and high knowledge about self-management), according to the Patient Activation Measure (PAM) questionnaire. Exclusion Criteria: * History of spinal trauma or fracture; * Diagnosis of spinal osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, or rheumatic diseases; 3) Referred pain (from viscera, appendicitis, abdominal and pelvic pain); * Previous spinal surgery; * Presence of red flags, signs and/or symptoms of neurological impairment; * Pregnancy.