Peanut Sip Feeding Protocol

Peanuts are considered a functional food and regular consumption is associated with positive health effects. Protein is the second most common nutrient in peanuts after fat. The protein digestibility of peanuts is similar to that of animal protein, and the limiting amino acids in peanuts vary based on the study and are suggested to be lysine, methionine, or threonine. Defining the reduced responsiveness of various dietary proteins to induce anabolism in older adults is critical for preventing and attenuating physical and cognitive health decline.

Inclusion criteria: * Previous completion of IRB2023-0549: Prandial Metabolic Phenotyping in Sarcopenic Older Adults Comparing Plant Based and Whey Based Protein (NCT06628349) * Age 65-80 years old * Stable body-weight (less than ±5% in the previous 6 months) * Ability to walk, sit down, and stand up (independently or with walking assistance device) * Willingness to lay supine in bed for up to 6 hours * Willingness and ability to comply with the protocol Exclusion criteria * Established diagnosis and active treatment of chronic disease: Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, active malignancy, heart disease, kidney disease, liver disease, HIV/AIDS, Asthma (moderate to severe), Hep (A,B, or C) * History of untreated metabolic disease including hepatic or renal disorder * Presence of acute illness or metabolically unstable chronic illness * Active dependence of alcohol or drugs * Use of short course of oral corticosteroids within 4 weeks preceding study day * Current use of long-term oral corticosteroids * Use of protein or amino acids containing nutritional supplements within 5 days of the first study day * Planned elective surgery requiring 2 or more days of hospitalization during the entire study * (Possible) pregnancy * Failure to give informed consent or Investigator's uncertainty about the willingness or ability of the subject * Already enrolled in another clinical trial * Any condition according to the PI or nurse that was found during the screening visit, that would interfere with the study or safety of the patient * Known allergy to any of the components of the feeding (i.e., peanut) * Experienced issue with intake of peanut or peanut products within the previous year * Established daily diet of vegetarian / vegan composition