Effect of IV Dexamethasone on Post-op Urinary Retention After Spinal Anesthesia

What is this study about? This study is testing whether a common medication called dexamethasone, given through a vein (IV) before surgery, can help prevent a problem called postoperative urinary retention (POUR). POUR means having trouble urinating after surgery, which can cause discomfort and sometimes requires using a catheter. Who can join the study? The study includes adult People who are having surgery with spinal anesthesia at Al-Makassed Hospital. People who have certain medical conditions, use steroids regularly, or need a catheter during surgery cannot join. What will happen in the study? Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: * One group will get 8 mg of IV dexamethasone before surgery. * The other group will get a saltwater (placebo) injection. Neither the participants nor the doctors will know which treatment they receive. After surgery, the researchers will check how soon each participant can urinate and whether they need a catheter. Why is this study important? POUR can slow recovery and cause complications. Dexamethasone is already used for other reasons like nausea and swelling. This study will help find out if it also lowers the risk of POUR in people getting spinal anesthesia.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adult patients at Al-Makassed Hospital undergoing spinal anesthesia for surgery Exclusion Criteria: * Chronic steroid use * Individuals who should not be administered dexamethasone * Have a history of urological issues or procedures * Have neurological disorders * Using an intraoperative Foley's catheter * Operations for possible nerve damage