Scapula and Upper Extremity Performance in Scoliosis

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis s a three-dimensional spinal deformity that may alter shoulder girdle alignment, scapular orientation, and upper extremity biomechanics. Changes in scapular position can influence arm movement, muscle activation, and overall functional performance. Understanding these relationships is clinically important for developing effective exercise and rehabilitation strategies. The aim of this study is to examine the association between scapular position and upper extremity performance in adolescents diagnosed with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Scapular dyskinesis, scapular lateral displacement, and upper limb functional performance will be evaluated and correlated with Cobb angle severity. Findings may help clinicians better understand functional impairments linked to scoliosis and support more targeted rehabilitation programs.

Inclusion Criteria: * Diagnosis of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis * Age 10-19 years * Cobb angle between 10° and 45° * No prior scoliosis-specific conservative treatment * Ability to participate in physical assessments * Voluntary willingness to participate Exclusion Criteria: * Neuromuscular, congenital, or syndromic scoliosis * Prior spinal surgery * Shoulder injury or upper limb pathology affecting performance * Neurological or rheumatological disorders * Communication or cognitive limitations interfering with testing