Investigation of Sedation Depth Via BIS Monitoring in ICU After Cardiac Surgery

This study is a non-interventional, observational research project focused on monitoring sedation levels in patients who have undergone cardiac surgery. It uses a tool called Bispectral Index (BIS), which measures brain activity to assess sedation depth. The goal is to understand how often patients experience deep sedation (BIS \

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥ 18 years. * Undergoing cardiac surgery with subsequent admission to the ICU * expected duration of invasive mechanical ventilation \> 6 hours postop. * Written informed consent obtained from the patient or legal representative (if the patient is not capable of consent). Exclusion Criteria: * Pre-existing neurological disorders affecting consciousness or sedation assessment (e.g., severe dementia, epileptic encephalopathy). * Acute neurological events in the perioperative period (e.g., stroke, intracranial hemorrhage). * Severe hepatic dysfunction (Child-Pugh Class C). * Participation in another interventional study potentially affecting sedation or cognitive outcomes. * Pregnancy or lactation. * Patients in whom short-term survival is deemed unlikely due to clinical course