Close Chain and Open Chain Exercises With Blood Flow Restriction in Knee Osteoarthritis

The aim of this research is to find and compare the effect of close chain and open chain exercises with blood flow restriction in knee osteoarthritis on pain, range of motion, strength and functional performance in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Randomized controlled trials done at Railway General Hospital and Medistic Medical and Dental Center, Rawalpindi. The sample size was 40. The subjects were divided in two groups, 20 subjects in close chain exercises with blood flow restriction group and 20 in open chain exercises with blood flow restriction group. Study duration was of 4 weeks. Sampling technique applied was purposive non probability sampling technique. Only 45-75 years individual with grade 1 or 2 knee osteoarthritis were included. Tools used in the study are Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), goniometer, crane scale (dynamometer), 30 s chair stand test. Data was analyzed through SPSS 21.

Inclusion Criteria: * Radiologic confirmation of KOA demonstrating Kellgren-Lawrence grade 1 or 2. * Exhibited symptoms of unilateral KOA. * Not taking any medications for KOA or receiving other treatments (including physiotherapy). * Willing to participate without any neurological symptoms were the main objects of study. Exclusion Criteria: * A history of knee surgery or scheduled surgery. * Kellgren-Lawrence grade 3 or 4. * Systolic blood pressure over 160 mm Hg or under 100 mm Hg. * Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the past 3 months. * Any known vascular disease or any diagnosed blood pathology. * Concomitant symptomatic hip or ankle pathology that could influence knee pain or function.