The Effect of Percussion Massage Therapy in Stroke Patients

Stroke is an acute neurological condition resulting from cerebral ischemia or hemorrhage, frequently leading to impaired motor function, increased muscle tone, and deficits in balance and gait. Spasticity is a common long-term complication in individuals with chronic stroke and significantly affects functional mobility and quality of life. Percussion Massage Therapy (PMT) is an emerging intervention that combines principles of mechanical vibration and traditional soft tissue techniques. Although previous research has examined its effects in musculoskeletal and athletic populations, evidence regarding its use in individuals with chronic stroke remains limited. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of percussion massage therapy on muscle tone in individuals with chronic stroke and to determine whether changes in muscle tone are associated with improvements in gait and balance performance.

Inclusion Criteria: * Having had a unilateral stroke and being in the chronic phase (≥6 months, ≤2 years). * Age: 40-65 years old. * Hemiplegic patients with lower limb dysfunction. * Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥24. Lower limb spasticity of 1-3 on the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). * Full passive range of motion (ROM) in the hip, knee, and ankle joints. * Ability to stand independently for at least 1 minute. Exclusion Criteria: * Individuals with neurological, orthopaedic, metabolic, and rheumatological conditions that may affect soft tissues. * Patients who have undergone spasticity treatment or other therapies within the last three months. * Individuals with lower limb injuries. * Pregnant women.