Menstrual Status, Anesthetic Consumption, and PONV

This prospective observational cohort study aims to evaluate the association between menstrual phase (determined by postoperative serum progesterone levels), intraoperative anesthetic consumption, and the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in female patients undergoing cholecystectomy. Intraoperative anesthetic requirements will be recorded, and postoperative nausea and vomiting will be assessed using standardized scoring systems.

Inclusion Criteria: * Female patients aged 18 to 65 years * American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II-III * Scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia * Willing and able to provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Age outside the specified range (younger than 18 or older than 65 years) * Male patients * American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status ≥ IV * Severe systemic comorbidities (e.g., significant cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, or pulmonary disease) * Conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy * History of alcohol, drug, or substance abuse * Visual or hearing impairment interfering with study assessments * Current hormone replacement therapy * Use of oral contraceptives * Preoperative nausea or vomiting * History of severe postoperative nausea and vomiting * Neurological or psychiatric disorders affecting assessment reliability * Hemodynamic instability during surgery * Postoperative admission to intensive care unit * Acute cholecystitis at the time of surgery * Refusal to participate or inability to provide informed consent