Feasibility of a Compassionate Mindful Resilience Programme for Thai Secondary School Students

This study is a single-arm feasibility trial designed to evaluate the implementation, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a culturally adapted Compassionate Mindful Resilience (CMR) intervention among adolescents in Thailand. The study is conducted in a secondary school setting and targets students aged 16 to 18 years. Adolescence is a period of heightened emotional vulnerability and academic pressure. In Thailand, rising levels of stress and anxiety among young people make school-based preventive interventions a public health priority. While mindfulness-based interventions have shown benefits in Western contexts, evidence on compassion-focused programmes culturally adapted for Thai adolescents remains limited. All participants enrolled in the study will receive the CMR intervention. The program consists of four weekly group sessions, each lasting approximately 90 minutes, delivered after school hours to minimize disruption to academic activities. Sessions include guided mindfulness practices, group discussions, and practical exercises aimed at increasing present-moment awareness, cultivating self-compassion, improving emotional regulation, and strengthening resilience. The primary objective of the study is to assess feasibility. Feasibility outcomes include recruitment rate, retention rate, session attendance, intervention fidelity, and participant acceptability. These indicators will inform whether the intervention can be delivered as planned in a Thai school setting and whether progression to a larger-scale trial is justified. Secondary objectives explore preliminary changes in mental health-related outcomes. These include mindfulness, self-compassion, resilience, and overall well-being, measured using validated Thai-language instruments before and after completion of the intervention. Although the study is not powered to test effectiveness, these data will provide estimates of variability and potential effect sizes to inform the design of a future randomized controlled trial. Participant safety is addressed through a predefined distress protocol. A school counselor is available during all intervention sessions to provide immediate support if participants experience emotional distress. Ethical approval has been obtained from the relevant institutional ethics committee, and written assent from participants, along with parental or guardian consent, is required prior to enrollment.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adolescents between 16 and 18 years of age at the time of enrollment. * Current students in Grades 10 to 12 (Mathayom 4-6) at a Thai Secondary School in Northeastern Thailand. * Willingness to engage in a mindfulness-based intervention programme. * Ability to understand and communicate in the Thai language. * Ability to provide informed consent (dual consent from both the student and a parent/legal guardian is required). Exclusion Criteria: * Significant mental health conditions that may impede participation, such as schizophrenia, bipolar I disorder, or severe major depression with psychotic features. * Cognitive impairments that prevent comprehension of the mindfulness intervention. * Concurrent involvement in another psychological intervention that might confound the study results.