A Study Of T1/Tref Intubating Conditions

The purpose of this study is to determine the maximum ratio of the twitch amplitude (T1) to the reference twitch (Tref) amplitude (T1/Tref) that provides excellent intubating conditions.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age \> or = 18 years old * Patients willing to participate and provide an integrated, informed consent Exclusion Criteria * Patients with disorders, such as stroke, carpal tunnel syndrome, broken wrist with nerve damage, Dupuytren contracture, or any similar wrist injury. * Patients with systemic neuromuscular diseases such as myasthenia gravis. * Patients with significant organ dysfunction that can significantly affect pharmacokinetics of neuromuscular blocking and reversal agents, i.e., severe renal impairment requiring dialysis or end-stage liver disease. * Patients requiring a rapid sequence induction for airway protection. * Patients deemed ineligible for surgery, including pregnancy (as determined by standard of care testing).