Reformer Pilates vs Conventional Physiotherapy in Chronic Low Back Pain

Non-specific chronic low back pain is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders worldwide and is associated with functional limitations and reduced quality of life. Exercise-based physiotherapy approaches are strongly recommended in clinical guidelines. Pilates exercises are frequently used due to their potential effects on core stability and movement control, while conventional physiotherapy remains a commonly applied treatment method. However, randomized controlled trials directly comparing these interventions are limited. This study aims to compare the short-term effects of reformer Pilates exercises and conventional physiotherapy on pain intensity, functional disability and health-related quality of life in individuals with non-specific chronic low back pain.

Inclusion Criteria: Individuals aged between 18 and 65 years * Diagnosis of non-specific chronic low back pain lasting at least 12 weeks * Average low back pain intensity ≥3 on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) during the last week * Ability to participate in exercise sessions three times per week * Providing written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Specific causes of low back pain (tumor, infection, inflammatory rheumatic disease, vertebral fracture) * Radiculopathy or significant neurological deficits (progressive motor loss, severe sensory deficit, cauda equina syndrome) * History of lumbar spine surgery within the past 6 months or current surgical indication * Participation in regular Pilates or structured exercise programs within the last 3 months * Severe cardiopulmonary disease or uncontrolled hypertension contraindicating exercise * Pregnancy or early postpartum period * Severe psychiatric or cognitive disorders affecting study compliance * Participation in another physiotherapy or rehabilitation program during the study period