Functional Limitations, Body Structure and Function Impairments, and Quality of Life in Adults After Surgical Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity, and a subset of patients undergo surgical correction during adolescence, most commonly posterior spinal fusion (PSF). Although surgical treatment improves deformity and quality of life in the short and mid-term, its long-term impact on functional status in adulthood remains insufficiently understood. This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate long-term outcomes in adults aged 25-40 years who underwent surgical treatment for AIS, compared with non-operated individuals with scoliosis and healthy controls. The study will assess limitations in daily functioning, musculoskeletal and respiratory function, pain, and compensatory mechanisms using standardized clinical measurements and questionnaires. The findings are expected to provide insight into long-term functional consequences of AIS and support the development of targeted physiotherapy and preventive strategies for adults treated for scoliosis during adolescence.

Inclusion Criteria: * Female, age 25-40 * AIS diagnosed before age 18 (Cobb angle \>35°) * Operated group: PSF, 10-25 years post-surgery * Informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Surgery other than PSF * Surgery performed in adulthood