Stress Modulation and Dynamic Balance

This three-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigates whether dual-task therapeutic exercises (dynamic balance + cognitive task) improve perceived stress and dynamic balance in 72 healthy university students (19- 22 years) compared to traditional balance training alone or a control group receiving low intensity exercises. The dual-task group performs the same dynamic balance exercises (e.g., backward walking, tandem gait, single-leg reaches) while simultaneously engaging in cognitive tasks (verbal fluency, arithmetic, or working memory). The intervention lasts 6 weeks (2 sessions/week, 20-30 min each). Primary outcomes are Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) scores and objective dynamic balance indices (anterior/posterior/lateral deviation, overall stability) measured via the Balance check 636 device. Assessments occur at baseline and post-intervention by a blinded assessor. The study addresses a gap: no prior trial has examined combined effects of dual-task training on both stress modulation and balance in this population.

Inclusion Criteria: * Participants will be included if they meet the following criteria: Age between 19 and 22 years. Body Mass Index (BMI) ranging from 18.5 to 29.9 kg/m². Both males and females. Apparently healthy individuals with no diagnosed neurological, musculoskeletal, or psychological disorders. Ability to understand instructions and provide informed consent. Willingness to participate and comply with the study protocol. Exclusion Criteria: * Participants will be excluded if they have any of the following: Any neurological disorder affecting balance (e.g., vestibular disorders, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, peripheral neuropathy). Any recent musculoskeletal injury (within the last 6 months) affecting the lower limbs or spine. History of lower limb or spinal surgery. Severe visual or auditory impairment not corrected by aids. Use of medications that may affect balance or cognitive function (e.g., sedatives, antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotics). Pregnancy. Uncontrolled cardiovascular or respiratory disorders limiting exercise tolerance. Current diagnosis of major psychiatric disorders (e.g., major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder). Regular participation in balance training, mind-body exercises (e.g., yoga, Pilates, tai chi), or structured stress management programs within the last 6 months. Participation in another interventional study at the same time.