Translation, Cultural Adaptation, and Standardization of E-NMQ

The primary objective of this study is to translate the Nordic Musculoskeletal (E-NMQ) Questionnaire Modified Version into Urdu following international guidelines. Presently, there exists no validated tool to comprehensively measure symptoms such as pain, stiffness and weakness in Urdu-speaking patients in Pakistan. Specifically, the widely used E-NMQ, having these three vital categories, has yet to be translated and validated for Urdu-speaking individuals with musculoskeletal disease (MSD).

Inclusion Criteria: * Age between 18 and 45 years. * Both male and females * Able to speak and read Urdu language Individuals with a condition affecting the musculoskeletal system * Age matched healthy individual recruited will be either the attendants/family members accompanying patients in Jinnah Hospital or employees of Riphah International University. Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnant females, inflammation, local infection, fracture, suspected tumor, Recent surgery * Unwilling patients * Cognitive impairment \& speech impairment * Any neurological diseases (reflex changes \& loss of sensation)