Effects of Resveratrol Supplementation Combined With a Low-Calorie Diet in Postmenopausal Women With Obesity and Knee Osteoarthritis

Obesity is a major modifiable risk factor for knee osteoarthritis and is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, pain, functional impairment, and cartilage degradation. Weight reduction is recommended as a core component of osteoarthritis management, while resveratrol has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective properties in experimental and clinical studies. However, the potential additional benefit of resveratrol supplementation when combined with dietary intervention remains uncertain. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of 150 mg/day trans-resveratrol supplementation as an adjunct to a low-calorie diet in postmenopausal women with obesity and knee osteoarthritis. Ninety-seven participants were randomized to receive either a low-calorie diet alone or the same diet combined with resveratrol for 10 days. Outcomes included pain intensity, functional status, urinary C-terminal telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II), anthropometric parameters, body composition, metabolic markers, lipid profile, and inflammatory biomarkers.

Inclusion Criteria: * Postmenopausal women aged 45-75 years. * Diagnosed knee osteoarthritis. * Obesity, defined as BMI ≥30 kg/m². * Ability to comply with the study protocol and dietary recommendations. * Written informed consent to participate in the study. Exclusion Criteria: * Allergy or intolerance to grapes, wine, peanuts, resveratrol, or supplement components. * Acute infectious or inflammatory disease at screening. * Unstable or exacerbated chronic disease requiring treatment changes or hospitalization. * Malignancy within the past 5 years. * Chronic liver disease, including hepatitis or cirrhosis. * Major cardiovascular event within the past 6 months. * Alcohol abuse or dependence. * Severe psychiatric disorder or cognitive impairment limiting protocol adherence. * Use of resveratrol-containing supplements or investigational products within the past 6 months.