Effect of Type 2 Diabetes on Biomarker Levels in Albumin Platelet-Rich Fibrin

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that can negatively affect wound healing and tissue repair. Albumin platelet-rich fibrin (Alb-PRF) is a blood-derived biomaterial used in periodontal and regenerative treatments. It contains growth factors and cytokines that may support tissue healing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether type 2 diabetes affects the biological composition of Alb-PRF. For this purpose, Alb-PRF samples obtained from individuals with type 2 diabetes will be compared with samples obtained from systemically healthy individuals. A total of 20 participants will be included in the study: 10 individuals with type 2 diabetes and 10 systemically healthy individuals. Venous blood samples will be collected from each participant, and Alb-PRF will be prepared using a standardized protocol. The prepared samples will be stored at -80°C until laboratory analysis. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in Alb-PRF samples will be measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These markers are related to inflammation, tissue repair, and wound healing. The results will help determine whether type 2 diabetes changes the cytokine and growth factor profile of Alb-PRF.

Inclusion Criteria: For the type 2 diabetes group: * Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes * HbA1c value of at least 7% * Age over 18 years * Non-smoker * No use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or systemic corticosteroids within the last 6 months * Not pregnant or lactating * Willingness to participate in the study and signing of the informed consent form For the systemically healthy group: * No history of diabetes or prediabetes * Age over 18 years * Non-smoker * No use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or systemic corticosteroids within the last 6 months * Not pregnant or lactating * Willingness to participate in the study and signing of the informed consent form Exclusion Criteria: * Age under 18 years * Pregnancy or lactation * Use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or systemic corticosteroids within the last 6 months * Smoking * Refusal to participate in the study or not signing the informed consent form