Sensorimotor Balance Training for Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain

Chronic nonspecific low back pain is one of the most common causes of pain and disability worldwide. Many people with chronic low back pain experience difficulties with balance, posture, movement control, and daily activities. Sensorimotor balance training is a rehabilitation approach designed to improve balance, body awareness, and neuromuscular control. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to investigate whether sensorimotor balance training is more effective than standard physiotherapy in reducing pain and improving spinal alignment in adults with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a sensorimotor balance training group or a standard physiotherapy group. Both groups will receive treatment three times per week for 12 weeks. Pain intensity, functional disability, and spinal alignment will be assessed before and after the intervention. Spinal alignment will be measured using the DIERS Formetric 4D system, a non-invasive and radiation-free technology that evaluates posture and spinal shape. The findings of this study may help identify effective rehabilitation strategies for improving pain, function, and spinal alignment in people with chronic nonspecific low back pain.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 18 to 59 years. Diagnosis of chronic nonspecific low back pain lasting at least 3 months. Pain intensity score of 4 or greater on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Body Mass Index (BMI) between 25 and 35 kg/m². Ability to safely participate in the exercise program and comply with study procedures. Exclusion Criteria: * Acute low back injury. History of spinal surgery. Neurological disorders affecting movement or balance. Musculoskeletal disorders affecting movement or balance. Professional athletes. Individuals engaged in heavy manual labor. Any medical condition that would prevent safe participation in the intervention program.