Health Coaching for Self-Management in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

This study is a quasi-experimental study designed to evaluate the effects of a health coaching intervention on self-management ability in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis will be recruited from the hemodialysis center of the study hospital. Participants in the intervention group will receive a structured health coaching intervention in addition to routine care, while participants in the control group will receive routine care. The intervention aims to improve patients' self-management ability by providing individualized health education, goal setting, self-management guidance, follow-up support, and feedback. The main outcome of this study is self-management ability. Secondary outcomes may include self-efficacy, disease knowledge, and treatment adherence.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patients aged ≥18 years who met the diagnostic criteria for ESRD according to the KDIGO 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline, namely a glomerular filtration rate of less than 15 mL/min/1.73 m². 2. Patients who have received regular maintenance hemodialysis for at least 3 months, with a dialysis frequency of three times per week. 3. Patients with a relatively stable clinical condition and no severe complications that may affect participation in the study. 4. Patients who are conscious, have normal communication ability, and are able to cooperate in completing the study procedures and questionnaires. 5. Patients who have no plan to change dialysis centers or travel for an extended period during the intervention period. 6. Patients who voluntarily agree to participate in this study and provide informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with severe cognitive impairment, mental disorder, or communication difficulties that prevent participation in the intervention or completion of questionnaires. 2. Patients with severe acute illness or unstable clinical condition. 3. Patients who are unable or unwilling to complete the 6-month intervention or follow-up. 4. Patients participating in another similar intervention study during the same period.