Effect of Theory-Based Childbirth Preparation Education in Nulliparous Pregnant Women

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of a Health Belief Model- and Self-Efficacy Theory-based childbirth preparation education on fear of childbirth, childbirth self-efficacy, birth preferences, and childbirth preparation behaviors among nulliparous pregnant women. Eligible nulliparous pregnant women between 28 and 32 weeks of gestation will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group will receive a structured childbirth preparation education program consisting of four sessions in addition to routine antenatal care, while the control group will receive routine antenatal care only. Data will be collected before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, during follow-up in late pregnancy, and after childbirth. The findings of this study may contribute to improving childbirth-related outcomes by reducing fear of childbirth and enhancing self-efficacy and preparedness for birth.

Inclusion Criteria: Female Aged 18 years or older Nulliparous pregnancy Between 28 and 32 weeks of gestation Able to communicate in Turkish Willing to participate in the study and provide informed consent Exclusion Criteria: High-risk pregnancy Diagnosis or treatment of a psychiatric disorder Any condition that may interfere with communication or participation in the educational sessions