Immunophenotyping Profiling in Patients With Primary Nephrotic Syndrome

Immunophenotyping profiling of patients with primary MN, primary FSGS and MCD. Evaluation of these immune cell subsets as possible biomarkers to track response to treatment or disease relapse.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with nephrotic syndrome and a biopsy-confirmed diagnosis of membranous nephropathy, primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, or minimal change disease. 2. Patients with membranous nephropathy and positive serum anti-PLA2R antibodies, in the absence of histological confirmation by renal biopsy. 3. Patients with a previously confirmed diagnosis of primary nephrotic syndrome who present with disease relapse requiring re-induction therapy. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with nephrotic syndrome in whom membranous nephropathy, primary FSGS, or MCD has not been confirmed by renal biopsy (and who do not meet Inclusion Criterion 2). 2. Patients with secondary causes of nephrotic syndrome (malignancy, autoimmune disease, drug-induced, etc.). 3. Patients with active malignancy. 4. Patients with severe heart failure (NYHA class IV) or hepatic failure. 5. Patients with active infection or inflammation. 6. Patients receiving, or who received within the preceding 6 months, immunomodulatory agents for an unrelated condition.