Concentric vs Eccentric Exercise in Blood Flow Restriction Training

This randomized controlled trial will investigate the effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) training combined with concentric or eccentric exercise on upper extremity reaction speed, muscle strength, and muscle oxygenation in healthy adults aged 18-35 years. A total of 34 participants will be randomly allocated to either a BFR combined with concentric exercise group (n=17) or a BFR combined with eccentric exercise group (n=17). Before the intervention, maximal muscle strength will be determined using a one-repetition maximum (1RM) test for the dominant elbow flexor muscles. Upper extremity reaction speed will be assessed using the Nelson Hand Reaction Test. Biceps brachii muscle strength will be measured with a digital dynamometer, and muscle oxygenation will be evaluated using a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device. All outcome measures will be obtained 72 hours before the intervention and repeated 72 hours after completion of the training program by the same investigator. The findings of this study will contribute to understanding whether concentric or eccentric exercise combined with BFR training provides greater improvements in upper extremity reaction speed, muscle strength, and muscle oxygenation in healthy individuals.

Inclusion Criteria: * Being between 18 and 35 years of age * Physically inactive or minimally active individuals (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. IPAQ-CF, \