Effect of Different Apical Motion Algorithms on Postoperative Pain After Root Canal Treatment

Brief Summary This prospective, randomized clinical trial aims to evaluate the effect of different endodontic motor settings used during root canal treatment on postoperative pain. During root canal treatment, the inner part of the tooth is cleaned and shaped using specialized rotating instruments. These instruments can operate with different motion patterns, and the motor may respond differently as the instrument approaches the tip of the root. The influence of these technical variations on postoperative pain has not been clearly established. Adult participants requiring root canal treatment for mandibular premolar teeth will be enrolled in the study. Participants will be randomly assigned to different groups. In each group, root canal treatment will be performed using different motor motion settings. All procedures applied in this study are routine and safe treatment methods commonly used in clinical endodontic practice. After treatment, participants' pain levels will be monitored through telephone follow-ups. Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). In addition, analgesic intake will be recorded. The purpose of this study is to determine whether different endodontic motor settings influence postoperative pain and patient comfort following root canal treatment. The findings are expected to contribute to safer and more comfortable root canal treatment protocols.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 18-70 years * Systemically healthy individuals (ASA I) * Mandibular premolar teeth diagnosed with chronic apical periodontitis * Periapical Index (PAI) score ≥ 3 confirmed radiographically * Teeth indicated for single-visit root canal treatment * Patients able to understand and complete the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) * Written informed consent provided Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with systemic diseases or medically compromised conditions * Pregnant or breastfeeding women * Patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus * Use of analgesics or antibiotics within the previous 7 days * Teeth with root resorption * Teeth with immature apices * Previously endodontically treated teeth * Patients unable to provide informed consent