The Effect of a Preparation Video Using " Cartoon Animated Video Modeling" on Preoperative Anxiety Among Pre-School Children During The First Dental Visit: A Randomized Clinical Trial

The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of cartoon animated video-modeling in reducing preoperative anxiety among pre-school children during the first dental visit. Secondary aims include assessing the effect on parental anxiety and overall parental satisfaction. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group, which will watch an animated video modeling the dental visit, or the control group, which will receive standard pre-visit information. Anxiety levels will be measured at five different time points.

Inclusion Criteria: * Medically healthy children classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II. * Age 4-6 years. * Children presenting to the JUST postgraduate paediatric dental clinic with no previous dental visits. Exclusion Criteria: * Children with systemic medical conditions or with mental, cognitive, or intellectual disabilities. * Children with visual or hearing impairments. * Participants unwilling to complete subjective anxiety assessment scales due to elevated anxiety levels. * Children whose parents are unable to read or write. * Participants without access to internet services. * Children presenting with severe active dental pain and/or facial abscess, as these conditions may influence state anxiety. * Children with previous dental experience.