McGill Versus Sahrmann's Exercises for Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the effects of McGill stabilization exercises and Sahrmann's movement-based exercise protocol in adults with chronic non-specific low back pain. The study aims to determine which exercise program is more effective in reducing pain, improving lumbar range of motion, and decreasing functional disability. The main questions it aims to answer are: Do McGill stabilization exercises reduce pain, improve lumbar range of motion, and decrease disability in individuals with chronic non-specific low back pain? Are McGill stabilization exercises more effective than Sahrmann's movement-based exercise protocol in improving pain, lumbar range of motion, and functional disability? Researchers will compare the McGill stabilization exercise group with the Sahrmann exercise group to determine which intervention provides greater improvements in clinical outcomes. Participants will: Be randomly assigned to either the McGill stabilization exercise group or the Sahrmann exercise group. Receive baseline physiotherapy, including hot pack application, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), lumbar isometric exercises, pelvic tilts, knee-to-chest exercises, and manual therapy. Attend supervised treatment sessions 2-3 times per week for 6 weeks. Complete outcome assessments before and after treatment using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) for pain, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for disability, and a bubble inclinometer to measure lumbar range of motion. This study will provide evidence on the comparative effectiveness of two commonly used physiotherapy exercise protocols and help identify the most effective rehabilitation approach for managing chronic non-specific low back pain.

Inclusion Criteria * Adults aged 20-50 years. * Male and female participants. * Diagnosed with chronic non-specific low back pain lasting more than 12 weeks. * Pain intensity of 3-4 on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) at baseline. * Able and willing to participate in the exercise program and attend all treatment sessions. * Willing to provide written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria * History of spinal surgery. * Presence of neurological deficits. * Structural spinal deformities. * Pregnancy or within 6 months postpartum. * Presence of red flag signs or systemic illness (e.g., fracture, infection, malignancy, inflammatory disorders). * Individuals unable or unwilling to participate in the exercise program or complete the study protocol.