Reminder-enhanced Incentive Spirometry Evaluation

The purpose of this study is to test whether automatic reminders with a light and a soft sound help patients improve deep breathing exercises after surgery. These breathing exercises are routinely done with the help of a plastic device that you attach to your mouth and you take a deep breath. These exercises are routinely recommended after major surgery to improve the oxygen level in your blood and reduce other respiratory problems.

Inclusion Criteria: * ≥18 years * Planned non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia with at least one night of hospitalization expected * Preoperative ARISCAT risk score ≥26 * Signed informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Inability to perform IS due to refusal, cognitive impairment, neuromuscular weakness, anatomical, or any other reasons (e.g., tracheotomy, oral surgery, unable to hold incentive spirometer) * Have a severe hearing or visual acuity impairment that prevents them from hearing or seeing the audible and visual IS reminders * Are part of a vulnerable population (minors, pregnant, prisoners) * Lack of informed consent