Effects and Mechanisms of Temporal Interference Stimulation (TIS) on Neuropathic Pain

This study employs temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) to investigate the analgesic effects of tTIS on neuropathic pain and monitor changes in neural plasticity, and explore the dynamic relationship between analgesic efficacy and neural plasticity, thereby providing new strategies for the treatment of neuropathic pain.

Inclusion Criteria: * IASP diagnosis of peripheral neuropathic pain; * At least one month after the onset of pain; * At least moderate pain intensity (≥ 3 assessed by VAS or NRS); * 18 years or older; * Stable medical treatment from 2 weeks before allocation to the end of the trial; * Willing to receive TIS treatment and capable of fulfilling clinical assessments. Exclusion Criteria: * Contradictions to TIS treatment, such as metal implants or seizure; * Serious psychiatric disorder (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score ≥ 35 or Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale score ≥ 29); * Aphasia or cognitive disorders (Mini mental state examination ≤ 24); * Severe clinical disorders caused by tumor or other conditions; * Severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction or extreme weakness; * History of substance abuse (alcohol, drugs).