Effect of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Physiotherapy Outcomes in Postmenopausal Women With Frozen Shoulder

The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of a physiotherapy program on pain levels, shoulder range of motion, functional status, pain catastrophizing, perceived change, sleep quality, and quality of life in postmenopausal women diagnosed with frozen shoulder, with and without Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT). The findings are expected to contribute to personalized treatment planning for postmenopausal women with frozen shoulder and help fill the gap in current literature.

Inclusion Criteria: * Postmenopausal female patients aged 40 to 60 years. * Shoulder pain at rest and during activities of daily living lasting for more than 3 months. * Clinical diagnosis of Stage I or Stage II frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis). * Passive range of motion (ROM) loss of greater than 25% compared to the unaffected shoulder in at least two movement planes (flexion, abduction, internal rotation, or external rotation). * Reduced range of motion of less than 50% compared to the unaffected side in at least one movement direction (flexion, abduction, internal rotation, or external rotation). * Increased restriction of external and internal rotation during glenohumeral abduction from 45 to 90 degrees. Exclusion Criteria: * Passive external rotation range of motion of less than 30 degrees (\