Effect of Multisensory Stimulation on Pain During Heel Lance in Newborns

This randomized controlled study will evaluate whether multisensory stimulation can reduce pain in healthy newborns during heel blood sampling. Newborns will be assigned to either a multisensory stimulation group, which includes breastfeeding, gentle stroking, maternal singing, and eye contact, or a control group in which the procedure will be performed while the newborn is held in the mother's arms. Pain scores, crying duration, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and procedure duration will be compared between the groups.

Inclusion Criteria: * Healthy newborns aged 0-28 days * Newborns receiving routine monitoring and care with their mothers in the hospital's newborn care unit * Written informed consent provided by the newborn's parent or legal representative Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of any lower-extremity anomaly * Ongoing monitoring or treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit * Presence of a congenital disease