Comparison of TLIP Block and QIP Block for Postoperative Analgesia After Lumbar Spine Surgery

This study compares two regional anesthesia techniques used for pain control after lumbar spine surgery: the classic thoracolumbar interfascial plane (TLIP) block and the quadratus lumborum-iliac plane (QIP) block. Patients between 18 and 65 years of age who undergo elective lumbar discectomy (up to two spinal levels) will be observed based on which block their treating anesthesiologist chooses to use as part of routine clinical practice. No randomization or additional intervention beyond standard care will be performed. Researchers will record the total amount of opioid pain medication used in the first 24 hours after surgery, the time until the first request for pain medication, pain scores at several time points after surgery (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours), and any side effects (such as nausea, vomiting, or sedation) or complications related to the block. The aim is to compare the effectiveness and safety of these two techniques in reducing pain and opioid use after lumbar spine surgery.

Inclusion Criteria: * Aged 18-65 years * ASA physical status I-II * Undergoing elective lumbar discectomy at up to two spinal levels under general anesthesia * Receiving classic TLIP block or QIP block for postoperative analgesia as part of routine clinical practice Exclusion Criteria: * Hypersensitivity or allergy to study medications * Coagulopathy * Infection at the injection site * Severe neurological deficit * Chronic opioid use * Advanced hepatic or renal failure * Obesity (BMI \>35 kg/m2) * Pregnancy * ASA physical status III-IV * Mental retardation * Inability to provide informed consent