Dry Needling vs Electrical Dry Needling for Myofascial Neck Pain

Neck pain caused by myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) is common and is associated with pain, psychological distress, and kinesiophobia (fear of movement). This randomized clinical trial compared Dry Needling (DN) and Electrical Dry Needling (EDN), each delivered once weekly for six weeks, in adults with neck pain due to MTrPs. The study measured changes in pain intensity, psychological distress (depression, anxiety, stress), and kinesiophobia before and after treatment, to determine whether adding electrical stimulation to dry needling provides additional benefit over dry needling alone.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 18-60 years of either gender. * Neck pain duration ≥ 3 weeks. * Presence of at least one active myofascial trigger point in the upper trapezius, levator scapulae, SCM, splenius capitis, or scalenes, confirmed using Travell and Simons' criteria. * Pain intensity ≥ 4 on NPRS (0-10) at baseline. * Ability to understand and complete questionnaires. * Willingness to participate and provide written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * History of cervical spine trauma, fracture, or surgery. * Diagnosis of neurological deficits. * Systemic diseases affecting muscles or joints. * Use of anticoagulant therapy or bleeding disorders. * Pregnancy or lactation. * Active infection or skin lesions in the cervical region. * Previous dry needling or electrical dry needling treatment in the past 6 months. * Allergy to needles or local anesthetics if used.