Effect of Mindful Breathing in Patient With Heart Failure:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mindful breathing on symptom status and clinical parameters in patients with heart failure. This randomized controlled trial was conducted with a total 64 patients who randomly allocated to receive 64 HF patients. Stratified block randomization was used for randomization according to New York Heart Association classification heart failure (NYHA Stage II -III). Patients in the intervention group (n=32) performed mindful breathing for 20 minutes daily for 8 weeks. The control group (n=32) received routine treatment. The Heart Failure Symptom Status Scale was administered face-to- face to both groups on 0th day, at 8th and 12th weeks. Routine clinic evaluations included low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels assessed on 0th day, at 8th and 12th weeks. Ejection fraction values were accessed from the hospital data system on 0th day at the 8th week. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS V23 and JAMOVI software.

Inclusion Criteria: * Diagnosed with NYHA Stage II or III heart failure * Have experienced heart failure symptoms * Aged 18 years or older * Able to read and write in Turkish * Able to use a smartphone, respond to daily researcher calls, and participate in WhatsApp video conferences Exclusion Criteria: * Diagnosed with NYHA Stage I or IV heart failure * Having physical or mental conditions that impair communication * Currently using non-pharmacological treatments such as herbal medicine, meditation, or yoga * Having health conditions that prevent breath awareness exercises (e.g., advanced asthma, advanced COPD)