Development and Empirical Evaluation of a Brief Lifestyle Intervention for Older Adults at Risk of Dementia Within an Integrated Medical-Preventive Grid-Based Service Model

Lifestyle factors are among the most important modifiable risk factors for dementia, and primary prevention through lifestyle interventions is considered the most cost-effective approach to reducing the incidence of dementia. However, traditional face-to-face interventions have limitations that hinder large-scale implementation. With the development of primary healthcare systems, the delivery of simple, feasible, and brief lifestyle interventions within primary care settings offers a promising avenue for the continuous management and early prevention of dementia risk in older adults. In this study, brief lifestyle interventions were administered to older adults at risk of dementia by registered physicians at community health service centers.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥ 60 years * CAIDE dementia risk score ≥ 6 * Possessing basic comprehension and verbal expression abilities * Voluntarily participating in the study and signing the informed consent form * Not participating in other clinical trials during the intervention period. Exclusion Criteria: * Individuals already diagnosed with dementia * individuals with severe heart, liver, or kidney disease * individuals with severe chronic diseases and comorbidities (e.g., congestive heart failure, or hypertension or diabetes with severe complications) * individuals with severe visual or hearing impairment.