Improving Health Literacy on Chronic Kidney Disease Among Diabetics: the Malaysian Nutritional, Emotional and Physical Health Literacy for Optimal Renal Outcome (My-NEPHRO) Trial

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a health literacy module via mobile application intervention can improve health outcomes and health literacy in diabetics with chronic kidney disease and could include any of the following: diabetic patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease aged more than 18 years old. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Are there differences in health literacy between intervention and control group at pre- and post-3 and 6 month exposure to the health literacy module in both intervention and control groups 2. Are there differences in quality of life scores between intervention and control group at pre- and post-3 and 6 month exposure to the health literacy module in both intervention and control groups? 3. Are there differences in renal function(eGFR) and HbA1C in pre- and post- 6 month exposure to the health literacy module between the intervention and control groups? Researchers will compare with normal care to see whether the effect of this intervention is larger than the effect of usual care in improving health literacy and HbA1c level, and impact towards renal disease progression and quality of life in diabetics with chronic kidney disease. Participants will be instructed to access the mobile application weekly.

Inclusion Criteria: (1) are more than 18 years old who live, work, or study in Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia 2) are diabetics with CKD (Stages I- IV) as diagnosed by their physicians (3) own a smartphone (only Android) (4) are fluent in the Malay language; and (5) are willing to participate in programme. Exclusion Criteria: 1. those having comorbid conditions affecting the kidney such as nephrolithiasis 2. those participating in additional health education programmes or interventional research 3. those who are already using a mobile application for self-management. 4. Those who had been admitted for any renal problems for the past one month.