Effects of Anterior Bite Turbos on Deep Bite Treatment and Chewing Muscles

This study evaluated how anterior bite turbos used during orthodontic treatment of deep bite affect chewing muscle activity and dental and skeletal measurements. Participants were followed in two nonrandomized groups: one received anterior bite turbos as part of orthodontic treatment, and the other received orthodontic treatment without bite turbos. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to measure muscle activity over time. Cephalometric measurements were also evaluated to assess treatment-related changes.

Inclusion Criteria: * Permanent dentition. * Angle Class I or Class II malocclusion. * Mild to moderate dental crowding (≤6 mm). * Non-extraction fixed orthodontic treatment planned. * No missing teeth, excluding third molars. * For the anterior bite turbo group: increased overbite (\>4 mm). * For the control group: normal anterior overbite (2-3 mm). Exclusion Criteria: * Bruxism or other oral parafunctional habits. * Temporomandibular joint disorder. * Craniofacial asymmetry, craniofacial syndrome, or cleft lip and/or palate. * Dental anomalies, including missing teeth other than third molars or abnormalities of tooth shape. * Previous orthodontic or myofunctional treatment.